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Objective:To investigate the relationship between vaccination doses and the duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests in Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients during omicron epidemic.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 26 to December 31, 2022 among COVID-19 patients from all community health service centers in 16 districts of Beijing municipality selected by multi-stage stratified cluster quota sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect the basic information, vaccination doses, results of nucleic acid or antigen tests of all subjects. The subjects were divided into 5 groups according to the doses of COVID-19 vaccination: the non-vaccination group, the 1, 2, 3 and 4 doses vaccination group. The relationship between vaccination doses and the duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests was analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.Results:A total of 10 506 COVID-19 cases were included in the study with the age of (43.3±13.7) years. The duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests was longer than 7 days in 59.4%(276/465), 51.5%(67/130), 50.6%(355/701), 46.1% (3 464/7 520) and 39.2%(662/1 690) of non-vaccination, and 1, 2, 3, 4 dose vaccination groups, respectively ( P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with non-vaccination patients, the vaccination dose was an independent protective factor for duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests>7 days, and the OR values were 0.7 (95% CI 0.5-0.9, P=0.015), 0.6 (95% CI 0.5-0.8, P<0.001) and 0.5 (95% CI 0.4-0.6, P<0.001) for 2, 3 and 4 doses of vaccination, respectively. Conclusion:The vaccination doses are independently related to the duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests in COVID-19 patients and the risk is gradually decreases with the increasing vaccination doses.
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Objective:To explore the medical reference values, distribution characteristics and influencing factors of serum iodine in adults with different thyroid health conditions, and to evaluate the importance of serum iodine in evaluating individual iodine nutrition.Methods:From February 2017 to November 2018, multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select one community and one agricultural (fishing) village in the coastal Yingkou City and the inland areas of Shenyang City of Liaoning Province as survey sites. Cluster sampling of adults over 18 years old who had lived for five years were conducted with questionnaire survey, clinical physical examination and thyroid ultrasound examination. Fasting venous blood samples and one random urine sample were collected from all subjects for serum iodine, thyroid hormone, antibody and urine iodine detection. The 95% medical reference value of serum iodine was established by using the percentage quantile method, and the reference value, distribution characteristics and influencing factors of serum iodine in adults with different thyroid health status were analyzed. The diagnostic value of iodine nutritional indicators in thyroid diseases was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:A total of 2 931 adults were surveyed, with serum iodine levels of 62.1 (53.6, 72.2) μg/L, ranging from 5.6 to 642.3 μg/L; urine iodine was 167.6 (111.2, 244.2) μg/L, and the overall iodine level was at an appropriate level. A total of 1 089 patients with thyroid diseases were examined, with a detection rate of 37.2% (1 089/2 931); among them, there were 597 cases of thyroid nodules, 56 cases of endemic goiter, 42 cases of hypothyroidism, 161 cases of subclinical hypothyroidism, 27 cases of hyperthyroidism, 18 cases of subclinical hyperthyroidism, and 474 cases of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). There was a statistically significant difference in the detection of thyroid diseases among adults with different levels of serum iodine (χ 2 = 13.80, P < 0.05). The reference values of serum iodine in normal adults, hypothyroidism (without thyroid hormone intervention), hyperthyroidism (without anti thyroid hormone drug treatment), AITD, endemic goiter, and thyroid nodules were 37.2 - 103.0, 12.5 - 52.8, 49.9 - 163.1, 34.3 - 129.3, 27.3 - 92.8, and 37.9 - 119.5 μg/L, respectively. The ROC curve analysis results showed that the serum iodine area under curve(AUC) of patients with hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, endemic goiter, thyroid nodules, and AITD were 0.94, 0.61, 0.55, 0.53, and 0.52, respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in adult serum iodine levels among different positions, regions, age, education level, occupation, iodine intake, blood pressure, and body mass index ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:There are significant differences in serum iodine levels among adults with different thyroid health conditions, and evaluation standards and systems should be developed separately. Serum iodine is an important indicator for evaluating individual iodine nutrition.
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Objective:To learn about the levels of serum iodine and thyroid function indicators in adults with normal thyroid function in Liaoning Province, to establish the medical reference value range of serum iodine, and to explore the relationship between serum iodine and thyroid function indicators.Methods:From February 2017 to December 2018, one subdistrict and one rural township were selected as the survey sites in the coastal area (Gaizhou City of Yingkou) and inland area (Kangping County of Shenyang) of Liaoning Province, respectively. Permanent residents aged 18 and older who have lived there for 5 years or more were selected as the survey subjects. Blood samples were collected to test the levels of serum iodine and thyroid function indicators [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT 3), free thyroxine (FT 4), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb)]. The percentile method was used to establish the 95% medical reference value range of serum iodine in adults with normal thyroid function, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum iodine and thyroid function indicators. Results:A total of 1 621 adults with normal thyroid function were examined, the median serum iodine was 62.0 μg/L, and the 95% medical reference value range was preliminarily determined as 37.0-103.0 μg/L. Among them, the medians serum iodine of males and females (826 and 795 cases) were 62.3 and 61.0 μg/L, respectively, and there was no significant difference between genders ( Z=- 1.26, P = 0.210). The medians serum iodine of adults in coastal and inland areas (827 and 794 cases) were 61.7 and 61.9 μg/L, respectively, and there was no significant difference between areas ( Z = - 0.16, P = 0.870). The medians serum iodine of adults aged 18 - 29, 30 - 39, 40 - 49, 50 - 59 and 60 - 80 (385, 392, 378, 253 and 213 cases) were 61.0, 61.0, 63.0, 65.0 and 62.0 μg/L, respectively, and the difference between ages was statistically significant ( H = 14.52, P = 0.006). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum iodine was weakly correlated with the level of FT 4 ( r = 0.17, P < 0.001), but not with the levels of TSH, TPOAb and TgAb ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:This study has established the medical reference value range of serum iodine in adults with normal thyroid function in Liaoning Province. Serum iodine is not correlated with the levels of TSH, TPOAb and TgAb.
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Objective:To explore the relationship between cardiac discomfort symptoms, fear of disease progress and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) after discharge, and to clarify main intervention direction of PTSD in patients with AMI.Methods:Patients with AMI who were discharged from Tangshan Gongren Hospital between 1 month and 1 year were selected from November 2019 to November 2020.The cardiac discomfort symptoms scale, fear of progress questionnaire(FoP-Q-SF) and post-traumatic stress disorder self-rating scale(PTSD-SS) were used to investigate cardiac discomfort symptoms, fear of disease progress level and post-traumatic stress disorder status.Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between cardiac discomfort symptoms, fear of disease progress and post-traumatic stress disorder by SPSS 24.0 software. The mediating effect of fear of disease progress was analyzed by AMOS 24.0 software.Results:The PTSD score was (32.78±12.38) of patients with AMI discharged from hospital for 1 month to 1 year and the incidence of PTSD was 12.3%.Spearman correlation test showed cardiac discomfort symptoms and fear of disease progress were positively correlated with PTSD( r=0.530, 0.723, both P<0.01) and cardiac discomfort symptoms was positively correlated with fear of disease progress( r=0.518, P<0.01). Mediating effect test showed that fear of disease progress was a complete mediator between cardiac discomfort symptoms and PTSD. Conclusion:Cardiac discomfort symptoms can affect PTSD through a complete mediator of fear of disease progress.
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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease in premature infants, whose diagnosis is primarily based on the presence of oxygen dependence in the clinical setting.BPD could be caused by a variety of etiologies and present different clinical manifestations and prognosis.The omics study of BPD could faci-litate the understanding of its pathogenesis and provide clues to discover novel targets for BPD treatment.In this paper, the current progress in the study of BPD was introduced, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microbiomics of BPD.
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Objective:To understand the urinary iodine external quality control assessment results of county-level iodine deficiency disorders laboratories in Liaoning Province.Methods:The numbers of county-level iodine deficiency disorders laboratories which participated in the national urinary iodine external quality control assessment in Liaoning Province from 2016 to 2019 were 19, 33, 39 and 56, respectively. The urinary iodine external quality control assessment results were statistically analyzed with the Z score method (qualified: │Z│≤2; basically qualified: 2 <│Z│ < 3; unqualified: │Z│≥3). The percentage of laboratories participating in the assessment and the qualified rate were calculated.Results:From 2016 to 2019, the percentage of county-level iodine deficiency disorders laboratories in Liaoning Province that participated in the national urinary iodine external quality control assessment increased year by year, which were 19.79% (19/96), 34.38% (33/96), 40.63% (39/96) and 58.33% (56/96), respectively. The qualified rates were 89.47% (17/19), 84.85% (28/33), 100.00% (39/39) and 100.00% (56/56), respectively.Conclusion:From 2016 to 2019, the percentage and detection capacity of county-level iodine deficiency disorders laboratories in Liaoning Province that participated in the national urinary iodine external quality control assessment have been improved.
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Based on the combination of formative evaluation and summative evaluation, the newly-built virtual experimental platform was applied to the functional experimental assessment of clinical students. Its effects were observed by the process evaluation of "daily performance-virtual and real operation + written exam" and feedback from teachers and students. The results showed that daily performance, experimental operation, experimental report and final score of students in the experimental group who received the teaching by virtual experimental platform were significantly better than those in the control group; the students' interests in learning and self-learning ability in the experimental group were also significantly improved. This research showed that the introduction of virtual experimental platform into the teaching evaluation of diversified functional experiment enriches the contents and ways of formative evaluation, so as to improves students' experimental skills, and further enhance the effects of experimental teaching.
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Objective Software Origin was used to evaluate urine iodine external quality control results in Liaoning Province in 2017,and to promote the application of software Origin in laboratory proficiency testing and to improve the urine iodine detection capability of laboratories in Liaoning Province.Methods In 2017,1 provincial-,14 municipal-and 33 county-level disease prevention and control institution laboratories in Liaoning Province were numbered,1-15:provincial and municipal levels,16-48:county-level.Software Origin 9.5 was used to produce the Z-ratio histogram,the deviation bar graph of repeated measurement results and the Youden plot of urine iodine external quality control results.When ｜Z｜ ≤2,it was satisfactory;when 2 ＜ ｜Z｜ ＜ 3,it indicated problems;when ｜Z｜ ≥3,it was not satisfactory.Based on ｜ Z｜ scores of laboratories,systematic errors and random errors were analyzed.Results Most laboratories had scores of ｜Z｜ ≤2,the results were satisfactory.Laboratory 36 had scores of ｜Z｜ ＞ 3,the result was not satisfactory,there were both systematic errors and random errors.The deviation bar graph of repeated measurement results showed that the precision of the high concentration test results in laboratory 21 was poor.Conclusions The software Origin is suitable to evaluate laboratory proficiency testing.The capacity of urine iodine detection in the county-level laboratories in Liaoning Province needs to be improved.Systematic errors and random errors still exist in individual laboratories.It is necessary to find the causes of errors,and strengthen laboratory internal quality control and improve the quality of the laboratory.
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Objective To analyze the iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in Liaoning Province,and the iodine content of edible salt suitable for iodine nutrition level,to provide a basis for adjusting the suitable salt iodine content standard of key population.Methods In 2015-2018,a cross-sectional survey method was used to conduct iodine nutritional status surveys in counties (districts) within the jurisdiction of Liaoning Province.One township (community) was selected in each county (district)according to the east,west,south,north,and middle directions.Forty children aged 8-10 (age and gender distribution balanced) and 20 pregnant women were selected in each township (community),urine and household salt samples were collected from children and pregnant women,to test urine and salt iodine levels;and the water samples from all township (community) water supply plants in the province were collected for water iodine detection in 2017;and all respondents were calculated the dietary iodine intake.The multi-order linear curve was used to fit the salt iodine content suitable for children and pregnant women.Results A total of 1 549 townships (communities) were surveyed,including 1 125 centralized water supply townships (communities) with water iodine ＜ 40 μg/L;50 820 children aged 8-10 and 26 707 pregnant women were selected from the centralized water supply towns.The average iodine content of edible salt was 24.0 and 23.9 mg/kg,respectively.The median urinary iodine level of children was 168.5 μg/L,at the appropriate level of iodine;the median urinary iodine level of pregnant women was 137.8 μg/L,at the deficiency level of iodine.The average dietary intake of iodine in children was 228.4 μg/d,which was 3.51 times of the standard iodine requirement (EAR,65 μg/d) and 2.54 times of the recommended intake (RNI,90 μ g/d).The average dietary intake of iodine in pregnant women was 273.4 μg/d,which was 1.71 times of the EAR (160 μg/d) and 1.19 times of the RNI (230 μg/d),and 21.4％ (5 728/26 707) of pregnant women had lower iodine intake than RNI,the iodine intake was insufficient.After multi-level linear curve fitting combined with monitoring data,the iodine content range of edible salt in children's urine was suitable and the iodine intake in RNI-tolerable intake (UL,300 μg/d) was 13-25 mg/kg (20 mg/kg + 20％);the iodine content range of edible salt in pregnant women's urinary iodine was suitable and the iodine intake in RNI-UL (600 μg/d) is 25-37 mg/kg (31 mg/kg + 20％).Conclusions Under the current salt iodine content standard (25 mg/kg) in Liaoning Province,children's iodine nutrition is generally at the level of iodine appropriate;pregnant women's iodine nutrition is generally at the level of iodine deficiency.It is recommended that all regions should revise the iodine content standard for edible salt in due course in combination with the iodine nutritional status of key populations within the jurisdiction.
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Based on the combination of formative evaluation and summative evaluation,the newlybuilt virtual experimental platform was applied to the functional experimental assessment of clinical students.Its effects were observed by the process evaluation of "daily performance-virtual and real operation + written exam" and feedback from teachers and students.The results showed that daily performance,experimental operation,experimental report and final score of students in the experimental group who received the teaching by virtual experimental platform were significantly better than those in the control group;the students' interests in learning and self-learning ability in the experimental group were also significantly improved.This research showed that the introduction of virtual experimental platform into the teaching evaluation of diversified functional experiment enriches the contents and ways of formative evaluation,so as to improves students' experimental skills,and further enhance the effects of experimental teaching.
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Objective To identify the risk factors for early fluid overload (FO) following repair in the pediatric patients with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) complicated with moderate or severe left ventricular dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] ＜50％) and evaluate the effect on clinical outcomes.Methods Forty-three pediatric patients with ALCAPA complicated with moderate or severe left ventricular dysfunction,aged 2-128 months,weighing 4.5-34.5 kg,with New York Heart Association Ⅲ or Ⅳ,undergoing ALCAPA repair,were enrolled in this study.The pediatric patients were divided into FO ≥ 5％ group (n =14) and FO＜5％ group (n =29)according to the FO developed within 24 h after operation.The pediatric Risk,Injury,Failure,Loss,and End-Stage Renal Disease criterion was used to diagnose acute kidney injury developed after operation.Factors including age,height,weight,preoperative LVEF,preoperative biomarkers,operative data,postoperative ventilation time,duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay and related postoperative clinical outcome parameters were recorded.The risk factors of which P values were less than 0.05 would enter the multivariate logistic regression analysis to stratify the risk factors for FO ≥ 5％ developed within 24 h after operation.The effect of FO≥5％ on postoperative severe acute kidney injury (Injury and Failure),ventilation time,duration of ICU stay and etc.was assessed.Results Fourteen cases developed early postoperative FO≥5％,and the incidence was 33％.The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that lower preoperative LVEF was an independent risk factor for early postoperative FO ≥ 5％ (P＜0.05).Compared with FO＜5％ group,the postoperative ventilation time and duration of ICU stay were significantly prolonged,the number of pediatric patients who developed pulmonary infection and required reintubation was increased,the number of pediatric patients in whom duration of ICU stay was more than 14 days was increased (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the other parameters of clinical outcomes in FO ≥ 5％ group (P＞0.05).Conclusion Lower preoperative LVEF is a risk factor for early postoperative FO in pediatric patients with ALCAPA complicated with a moderate or severe left ventricular dysfunction undergoing repair,and it is not helpful for clinical outcomes in pediatric patients when postoperative early FO≥5％ occurs.
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Objective@#To identify the risk factors for early fluid overload(FO)following repair in the pediatric patients with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) complicated with moderate or severe left ventricular dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]<50%) and evaluate the effect on clinical outcomes.@*Methods@#Forty-three pediatric patients with ALCAPA complicated with moderate or severe left ventricular dysfunction, aged 2-128 months, weighing 4.5-34.5 kg, with New York Heart Association Ⅲ or Ⅳ, undergoing ALCAPA repair, were enrolled in this study.The pediatric patients were divided into FO≥5% group (n=14) and FO<5% group (n=29) according to the FO developed within 24 h after operation. The pediatric Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-Stage Renal Disease criterion was used to diagnose acute kidney injury developed after operation. Factors including age, height, weight, preoperative LVEF, preoperative biomarkers, operative data, postoperative ventilation time, duration of intensive care unit(ICU)stay and related postoperative clinical outcome parameters were recorded.The risk factors of which P values were less than 0.05 would enter the multivariate logistic regression analysis to stratify the risk factors for FO≥5% developed within 24 h after operation.The effect of FO≥5% on postoperative severe acute kidney injury (Injury and Failure), ventilation time, duration of ICU stay and etc. was assessed.@*Results@#Fourteen cases developed early postoperative FO≥5%, and the incidence was 33%.The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that lower preoperative LVEF was an independent risk factor for early postoperative FO≥5% (P<0.05). Compared with FO<5% group, the postoperative ventilation time and duration of ICU stay were significantly prolonged, the number of pediatric patients who developed pulmonary infection and required reintubation was increased, the number of pediatric patients in whom duration of ICU stay was more than 14 days was increased (P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the other parameters of clinical outcomes in FO≥5% group (P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Lower preoperative LVEF is a risk factor for early postoperative FO in pediatric patients with ALCAPA complicated with a moderate or severe left ventricular dysfunction undergoing repair, and it is not helpful for clinical outcomes in pediatric patients when postoperative early FO≥5% occurs.
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Objective To deduce the normal range of thyroglobulin ( Tg ) of adults senum in Liaoning Province . Methods From February to November 2017 , in Kangping County of Shenyang ( inland group ) and Gaizhou City of Yingkou (coastal group), the Tg levels of adults in different age groups were investigated according to the cluster stratified sampling method. Adults were divided into young (18 - 44 years old), middle (45 - 59 years old ) , and elderly (≥60 years old ) groups , and fasting blood samples were collected . Levels of Tg , thyroid function [ thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothylaminogenic acid (FT3), free thyroxine ( FT4 ) ] , thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were determined by automatic electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer. Statistical analysis was performed on Tg measured values of normal thyroid function and antibody-negative adults, and the percentile range (P2.5 - P97.5) was used to calculate the 95％ normal range of both sides. Results A total of 685 adults were included, with a Tg level of 9.86 μg/L, including 333 adults in the inland group with a Tg level of 8.97 μg/L, and 352 adults in the coastal group with a Tg level of 10.44 μg/L. There were 255 males and 430 females, Tg levels were 9.39 and 9.99 μg/L, respectively. There were 179, 307 and 199 adults in the young, middle and elderly groups, Tg levels were 8.84, 9.22, and 11.73 μg/L, respectively, the differences were statistically significant (H=9.607, P<0.05). The normal range of Tg in adults was 1.23-58.63μg/L, and the normal ranges of Tg in the young, middle and elderly groups were 1.62 - 41.90, 0.99 -54.58, and 0.94 - 85.78 μg/L, respectively. Conclusion Successful establishment of the normal range of adults serum Tg in Liaoning Province.
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Objective To study the status of prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD),master the iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in Liaoning Province.Methods One hundred counties (districts) of Liaoning Province,34 counties (districts) were randomly selected to carry out a cross-sectional survey on iodine nutritional status of the population according to "National Surveillance Program on IDD" in 2016.Five townships (communities) were randomly selected according to their sub-area positions of east,west,south,north and center,1 primary school was randomly selected in each township (communities),40 non boarding students aged 8-10 (half males half females) were selected from each school.The radial size of the thyroid was measured by Ultra-portable Doppler Diagnostic Ultrasound System and the volume was calculated.Twenty pregnant women were randomly selected in each township (communities).Their salt and random urine samples were collected;salt iodine level and urinary iodine level were tested.Results The mean of salt iodine content of 6 874 children's family salt samples was (24.0 ± 4.7) mg/kg,the iodized salt coverage rate was 98.4％ (6 761/6 874) and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 95.5％ (6 567/6 874).The median urinary iodine (MUI) of 6 874 children's urine samples was 168.0 μg/L,and children's goiter rate was 1.6％ (111/6 874).The mean of salt iodine content of 3 404 pregnant women's family salt samples was (24.1 ± 4.3) mg/kg,the iodized salt coverage rate was 99.0％ (3 369/3 404) and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 84.6％ (2 880/3 404).The MUI 3 404 of pregnant women's urine samples was 135.8 μg/L (＜ 150 μg/L).Conclusions In 2016,8-10 years old children's urinary iodine is at adequate level.But the pregnant women are in iodine deficiency.
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Objective To master the prevalence of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis of children in the disease affected areas of Liaoning Province and to understand the effect of water improvement measures in prevention and control of fluorosis.Methods The data of 18 water improvement projects in drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis areas of Liaoning Province from 2011 to 2016 were collected by retrospective method,and the data of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 years old were analyzed.The prevalence and detection rate of dental flaorosis in children aged 8 to 12 years old were analyzed.To compare the incidence of dental fluorosis among children from villages with qualified water fluoride and those from villages with unqualified water fluoride.Results From 2011 to 2016,in the annual survey of 18 water engineering projects in 18 monitored villages,normal operating rate was between 94.44％ (17/18)-100.00％ (18/18),water fluoride qualified rate was between 88.89％ (16/18)-100.00％ (18/18).In the monitored village,4 941 children aged 8 to 12 were examined,and the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 9.8％ (484/4 941).The dental fluorosis index was 0.19.The detection rate (14.0％,10.7％,10.7％,8.7％,6.6％,8.1％) of dental fluorosis was decreasing year by year (x2trend =24.3,P ＜ 0.05).The total detection rate of children's dental fluorosis in monitored villages (8.1％,356/4 422) with normal operation of water improvement projects and qualified water fluoride was lower than that in monitored villages with excessive water fluoride (24.7％,128/519,x2 =145.1,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion After water improvement measures are implemented in drinking water fluorosis areas of Liaoning Province,the dental fluorosis of children in the affected areas is effectively controlled,but the problem of excessive fluoride in water improvement projects still exists,and the management of water improvement projects should be strengthened in the future.
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Objective To understand the infection status of human parasites among rural residents in Liaoning Province, and provide scientific basis for control of parasites. Methods From October 2014 to December 2015, in 32 counties of 4 different ecological zones of Liaoning Province, survey sites were determined by stratified sampling according to their economic status. More than 250 people were examined at each survey site, and the rate of resident inspection was no less than 85％. The fecal samples of the subjects were collected, intestinal helminth eggs, intestinal protozoa and the eggs of Enerobius vermicularis in children aged 3 - 6 were examined by modified Kato-Katz thick smear, iodine stain direct smear and adhesive cellophane anal swab, respectively. Results Totally 26520 rural residents were surveyed, their infection rate of parasitic disease was 0.29％ (78/26520). Among them, the infection rate of Ascaris and Trichuris was 0.29％ (76/26520) and 0.02％ (5/26520), respectively; Enerobius vermicularis and Hookworm were not detected. The parasite infection rate in the 60-year-old age group was relatively high (0.49％, 34/6939). Conclusion The infection rate of rural residents in Liaoning Province is at a relatively low level, which is closely related to the improved living standard and the continuous improvement of environmental hygiene in recent years.
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Objective To master the disease trend of Keshan disease in Liaoning Province, and provide a scientific basis for control and elimination of Keshan disease. Methods Retrospective method was used to analysis the Keshan disease monitoring in Liaoning Province.From 1995 to 2007,a sentinel surveillance method was used in Qingyuan County,and seriously ill villages were selected as monitoring sites. From 2008 to 2014, a sample random sampling method was adopted to randomly select 1 - 4 diseased villages as monitoring sites in Qingyuan, Xinbin, Huanren and Xifeng each year. The residents in surveillance sites were surveyed through questionnaire, clinically examined and did electrocardiogram (ECG), suspected cases were taken anterior chest X-rays in the distance of 2 meters, and diagnosis of Keshan disease was based on the "Standard of Diagnosis of Keshan Disease" (GB 17021-1997)and the"Keshan Disease Diagnosis" (WS/T 210-2011). Results From 1995-2014,no new cases of acute and subacute Keshan disease were detected in Keshan disease monitoring sites in Liaoning Province,Keshan disease detection rate was the highest in 2007(6.6%,55/838),the lowest was in 2012(0.4%,3/836),cases of Keshan disease had been concentrated among non-key groups,the highest abnormal rate of ECG was found in 2011 (24.5%,424/1 728), for 176 cases of suspected Keshan disease, the anterior position of 2 m chest X-ray was taken and 50.0% (88/176) of the changes were increased. Conclusion After 20 years of monitoring and prevention, the condition of Keshan disease in Liaoning Province has been in a relatively stable state. But we still should strengthen the monitoring of Keshan disease,emphasize the importance of case search,continue to carry out the monitoring.
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Objective To evaluate the detection capability in determining water fluoride at center for disease control and prevention (CDC) of Liaoning Province, and to promote the improvement of detection quality. Methods The detection results of the external quality assessment of fluoride in water from 66 CDC labs in Liaoning Province in 2016 were analyzed by using standard Z score. The potential outliers were determined by Youden plot. The determine standard of the Z score:│Z│≤2 was satisfacted;2<│Z│<3 was qualified,but suggesting there was a problem, need to find the cause of the error; │Z│≥3 was not satisfied. Results According to the results of standard Z score,there were 66 labs satisfacted, the satisfacted rate was 100.0% (66/66). According to the Youden plot, there were 4 possible outliers (6.1%, 4/66) which need to be rechecked. Conclusions The capability in determining water fluoride at CDC of Liaoning Province meet the standards, but individual laboratories need to improve the quality of testing. The internal quality control of the laboratory is very important. All CDCs should improve the detection capability continuously.
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Objective To understand the loneliness of elderly people,and to analyze the correlation between frailty,family social support and loneliness.Methods The elderly people aged 75 and over from 10 community health service centers in Tangshan were selected and evaluated with the CFAI comprehensive e-valuation tool and the loneliness scale.Results The frailty rate was 100% in 3 448 elderly people.The score of the frailty of elderly was(47.27±0.77),and the degree of frailty was increased with the increase of age. The social support level of general and below accounted for 95.92%.The total average score of social support for the elderly was(32.72±6.21);and the medium or above loneliness accounted for 68.94%.The total aver-age score of loneliness in the elderly was(40.24± 10.23).The most needed caregiver was the children and their daughters. Multivariate analysis showed that the degree of education,the degree of frailty,family support (the relationship with children,with the children who do not support the elderly,communicating with chil-dren,taking the views of the elderly,importance of being at home and the visiting frequency of the children), community support(received the services provided by the neighborhood committee,often keep up with rela-tives and friends,the frequency of neighborhood interaction,have received community psychological counse-ling and have received volunteer service)and social support entered the regression equation.The regression coefficient were -0.084,1.167,1.016,1.212,0.914,1.029,1.025,1.264,1.400,0.889,1.053,1.307,1.466, 1.332,-0.405,respectively.Conclusion Frailty,family function and community social support are important factors of loneliness among the elderly.The support system construction should be strengthened to reduce the loneliness of the elderly,and improve the quality of life.
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Objective To observe the function of Ac-SDKP on p-CREB,p-Smad2/3 signal and restraining silicotic fibrosis.Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into:control group;silicosis group;Ac-SDKP post-treatment group;Ac-SDKP pre-treatment group.The morphology of lung tissue was observed by Van Gieson stain-ing.The expression of α-SMA,cAMP,PKA,p-CREB and p-Smad2/3 protein were assessed by Western blot.The colocalization of p-Smad2/3 and α-SMA were detected by immuno-fluorescence. Results In silicosis group,the deposition of collagen were visible in the fibrotic area,the expression of α-SMA and p-Smad2/3 increased signifi-cantly,and the expression of cAMP,PKA and p-CREB decreased significantly. After Ac-SDKP treatment,the expression of cAMP,PKA and p-CREB were significantly up-regulated,the expression of -SMA and p-Smad2/3 protein were significantly down-regulated,lung tissue damage and collagen deposition decreased. Conclusion By activating the signal of cAMP/PKA/p-CREB,Ac-SDKP was capable of restraining the expression of p-Smad2/3,so as to restrain silicotic fibrosis.